Branched oligomeric PIN FR shows flame retardant and smoke suppression, smoke toxicity reduction in epoxy. The synthesised aluminium branched oligo(phenylphosphonate) (AHPP) had average molecular weight of 2 100 g/mol and oligomeric structure. This was blended into...
Biobased itaconic anhydride (ITA), combined with DOPO, generated a polymeric P FR showed to be effective in epoxy. ITA is a dicarboxylic acid, derived from citric acid, which can be produced from renewable sources. It was here combined with DOPO* to generate a...
Two phosphorus compounds (DOPO, BICP) combine to cure epoxy, resulting in fire resistance and reduced smoke. DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide) and BICP (cyclotriphosphazene-modified benzimidazole) together showed to act as a curing agent for...
Wheat starch modified with P and N showed to be an effective FR for wood fibres and industrially processable. Wood fibres are widely used in heat and sound insulation materials, and are recyclable, compostable and non-toxic, but are flammable. Industrial wheat starch...
Fifteen brominated, chlorinated or phosphate ester flame retardants were tested using a battery of 22 different in vitro neurodevelopmental endpoint tests. Only one FR (TCIPP) showed no effect in all tests. The others showed effects in one or several tests, at...
