Alginates loaded with metal ions can provide effective bio-based PIN FRs for textiles, polymers, surface coatings …. Tens of thousands of tonnes of alginates are produced worldwide annually from brown algae, providing relatively low-cost bio-based materials which are...
The natural molecule polylysine, reacted with phosphoric acid, provides a durable PIN FR for cotton fabrics. The polypeptide ε polylysine can be produced by natural fermentation or by a condensation reaction of the biological amino acid lysine, and is used as a food...
Researchers propose solvent-free synthesis of polymeric phosphorus FR for poly(lactic acid) bioplastic (PLA). The bio-based and biodegradable polymer poly(lactic acid) is highly flammable. Phosphoramides have shown to be effective PIN FRs for PLA at low loadings, but...
An experimental P-based PIN FR for rigid polyurethane foam shows both gas phase and solid phase fire inhibition effects. Researchers synthesised (in two steps) a bi-functional, reactive phosphorus flame retardant for rigid polyurethane foam: PDEP, containing a DOPO...
Experimental reactive PIN FR improves mechanical and fire performance of epoxy resin. DOPO (phosphorus) and triethylamine (nitrogen) were reacted with silane (silicon) to generate an N-P-phenylsiloxane macromolecule (PD-PPD) which could be reacted into DGEBA epoxy...
