P Mo S FR epoxy battery runaway barrier

Phosphorus molybdenum sulphur PIN FR in 3mm epoxy between pouch cells prevents battery thermal runaway. Phosphorylated MoS₂ nanowires (0.85% P) were dosed at 3% in epoxy. This results in a +159% increase in char, -57% decrease in peak heat release rate and -57% decrease in carbon monoxide emission. Used as a 3 mm layer between pouch cells, the PIN FR epoxy prevents battery thermal runaway, keeping temperature below 100°C

“Fire-resistant and mechanically-robust phosphorus-doped MoS2/epoxy composite as barrier of the thermal runaway propagation of lithium-ion batteries”, J. Wang et al., Chemical Engineering Journal 497 (2024) 154866, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.154866