Sulphur phosphorus FR for aircraft seats

Several sulfone-bridged phosphorus PIN FR showed effective fire safety in back-coating of polyamide aircraft seat textiles. Four different research S-P PIN FR molecules were synthetised and tested. They were compounded into a polyurethane-based binder at 5%P loading (15 – 34% FR loading) which was applied to the back of polyamide seat textile (470 g/m²) by manual scraper spreading, aiming for 150 g/m². The back-coated textiles were then fire performance tested using the US Federal Aviation Administration vertical burn test (FAR 25.853). Two of the tested S-P molecules showed predominantly solid phase action (char formation), ineffective for fire performance in back coating. Of the two showing predominantly gas phase action, one passed the FAR test. Preliminary in vitro testing using human lung epithelial and macrophage cells indicated no cytotoxic effects.

“Non-toxic sulfone-bridged phosphorus flame retardants for fire-safe back-coated aircraft seat textiles”, M. Özer, S. Gaan et al., Progress in Organic Coatings, 211, 2026, 109833, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109833