PIN FR polyamide for 3D printing

PIN FR polyamide for 3D printing

Evonik and Hewlett Packard launch innovative carbon black embedded PA12 powder for laser sintering 3D printing. The non-halogenated flame retardant material embeds carbon black in particle cores so delivering colour uniformity, minimising visibility of surface wear...
Review of flame retardants for PU foam

Review of flame retardants for PU foam

Most new developments and research into flame retardants for flexible PU foams are PIN. Performance challenges remain. Flexible PU (polyurethane) foams are widely used in furniture, transport seats, anti-vibration and packaging materials, but are highly flammable...
Testing FRs for flexible PU foam

Testing FRs for flexible PU foam

Five flame retardants were tested in flexible polyurethane foam showing performance and fire safety benefits of PIN FRs. Two chlorinated FRs (TCEP, CR) and three PIN FRs (melamine, melamine cyanurate and expandable graphite) were used, each at 15% loading. Resulting...
Chemical recycling of WPU to FR PET

Chemical recycling of WPU to FR PET

Waste PET was glycolysed and reacted with a PIN FR to generate flame retardant waterborne polyurethane (WPU). Waste PET (polyethylene terephthalate) has hydrolysed by heating to c. 200°C with a non-metallic, non-halogenated nitrogen-containing ionic liquid...
Biological materials as PIN FRs for PLA

Biological materials as PIN FRs for PLA

Phosphorus-rich microalgae, biochar, phosphorylated lignin, zinc phytate and reduced sewage sludge ash were tested as flame retardants at 5 – 20% loading in poly lactic acid (PLA). The Desmodesmus sp. algae were subjected to darkness/phosphorus deprivation then light,...