Analysis of P and PO from three different phosphonate FRs neat and on cotton shows gas and solid phase FR behaviours. The phosphonate PIN FRs tested were a classical phosphonate TRI/DPTS*, a triazine derivative 2DTA** (electron-rich) and a carbamoylphosphonate ID***...
Research and perspectives review of chemistries, applications, performance and developments in organophosphorus PIN FRs, 44 pages, covering 300 publications. The mechanisms of organo-P FRs are detailed (gas phase radical reaction chain, solid phase char formation) and...
A DOPO – amine – siloxane PIN flame retardant treatment halved burn length and avoided burning drips in PET fabric. The PIN FR was synthesised by the Atherton-Todd reaction, using the well-known PIN FR molecule DOPO (9,10-Dihydro- 9-oxa- 10-phosphaphenanthrene-...
A complex P-N monomer and a P-siloxane oligomer reacted into polyester achieved UL 94 V-0 (3mm) without dripping. The P-N monomer was synthesised from dimethyl 5-Aminoisophthalate, diphenylphosphinic chloride and the P-siloxane oligomer from dihydroxydiphenylsilane...
Post-consumer PET was processed to carbon dots then combined with a cobalt MOF, resulting in a PIN FR for PET. The PET was reacted with ethylene glycol then N,N-dimethylformamide, cobalt nitrate and terephthalic acid to generate carbon quantum dots (CQD) with diameter...
